Ili ndi nkhani yoyamba mu nkhani ziwiri. Nkhaniyi iyamba kukambirana za mbiriyakale ndikupanga zovuta zaKutentha kwa ArrtorNjira zoyezera, komanso kuyerekezera kwawo kukana thermometer (RTD) matenthekiti. Ikufotokozanso zosankha za Wamarmator, zosintha zamalonda, komanso kufunikira kwa Sigma-Delta analog-to-digito otembenukira (Adcs) munkhaniyi. Nkhani yachiwiri ilongosola mwatsatanetsatane momwe mungakwaniritsire ndikuwunika dongosolo lotsiriza la Anristor-pochokera ku Thertor-lochokera ku Thertor-lochokera ku Thertor-lochokera ku Thertartive.
Monga tafotokozera m'nkhani zam'mbuyomu, kutsanzira ytd kutentha kwa shery, rtd ndi wotsutsa yemwe kukana kwawo kumasiyanasiyana ndi kutentha. Aworrists amagwiranso ntchito chimodzimodzi ndi RTDS. Mosiyana ndi RTDS, yomwe imakhala ndi kutentha kokwanira, thermaristor imatha kukhala ndi kutentha kwabwino kapena kosavomerezeka. Kutentha Kwabwino Kwambiri (NTC) Awormars amachepetsa kukana kwawo pamene kutentha kumakwera, pomwe kutentha kutentha kogwirizana (PTC) ophatikizika amawonjezera kukana kwawo pamene kutentha kumakwera. Pa mkuyu. 1 ikuwonetsa mayankho a NTC ndi PTC Aworsnt ndikufanizira ndi ma curve.
Pankhani yotentha, mapiko a RTD ali pafupifupi mzere, ndipo sensor imaphimba kutentha kwakukulu kuposa thermaristrars (nthawi zambiri -200 ° C T) chifukwa cha mzere wa Wamrmar. RTDS nthawi zambiri imaperekedwa m'makalasi odziwika bwino, pomwe matestor ma curve amasiyanasiyana ndi wopanga. Tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane mu gawo lotsogolera la Arrmari kusankha la nkhaniyi.
Awormars amapangidwa kuchokera ku zigawo zophatikizika, nthawi zambiri ma corramic, ma polima, kapena semiconductors (nthawi zambiri ma oxides) ndi zitsulo zoyera (ptinam, kapena mkuwa). Otsatsa amatha kudziwa kutentha kumasintha kwambiri kuposa RTDS, ndikuwonetsa ndemanga mwachangu. Chifukwa chake, ma arrristors nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi masensa pantchito zomwe zimafuna mtengo wotsika, kukula kwa magetsi, komanso kuwongolera kwamagetsi, kapena kuwongolera kwamagetsi, kapena kuwongolera kwa mafakitale. zolinga. Ntchito.
Nthawi zambiri, a Thermage a thermars amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuchepetsa kutentha kolondola, osati PTC Thermars. Ena a PTC omwe alipo omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito posintha madera ochulukirapo kapena monga momwe mungakhalire kuti agwiritse ntchito chitetezo. Kuletsa kutentha kwa ptc thermar kumawonetsa gawo laling'ono kwambiri la NTC musanafike posinthira (kapena curtie point), pamwambapa omwe adalembetsa angapo a Celsius Celsius. Pansi pazinthu zopitilira muyeso, PTC Thermaritor imatha kutentha kwambiri pomwe kutentha kwasintha, ndipo kukana kwake kumatha kuwulutsa kwambiri, komwe kungachepetse kuwonongeka kwa dongosolo, potero kupewa kuwonongeka. Kusintha kwa PTC AnMaristars nthawi zambiri pakati pa 60 ° C ndi 120 ° C ndipo sioyenera kuwongolera kutentha pamapulogalamu osiyanasiyana. Nkhaniyi ikunena za NTC Thermars thermars, yomwe imatha kuyeza kapena kuwunikira kutentha kuyambira -80 ° C kwa + 150 ° C. NTC majermars akulimbana ndi ma rangs kuyambira ma ohms ochepa mpaka 10 mce pa 25 ° C. Monga zikuwonetsera mkuyu. 1, Kusintha kwa kukana pa Celsius Celsius chifukwa a thermars amatchulidwa kuposa kukana ma thermometers. Poyerekeza ndi thermars, chidwi chachikulu cha Thermartor ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu chokhazikika, chifukwa majermistars safuna kasinthidwe wapadera uliwonse, waya kapena waya kapena waya, kuti abwezeretse kutsogolera kutsogolera. Kapangidwe ka thermistror kumagwiritsa ntchito kasinthidwe kakang'ono ka 2.
Kuchepetsa kutentha kwa Armaristor - Kufatsa Kwambiri Kumafunikira Kusintha kwa Signal 2.
Ngakhale chingwe cha chizindikirocho chingawonekere kukhala chosavuta, pali zovuta zingapo zomwe zimakhudza kukula, mtengo wake, ndi magwiridwe antchito onse. Kuwongolera kwa ADE Komabe, pali zovuta zosiyanasiyana popanga ndikutha kukonza marristor - mizere yothetseratu.
Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza chilichonse mwa izi ndipo nkhaniyi imapereka malingaliro otha kuwalekerera ndikusinthanso kapangidwe kake ka kachitidwe kotere.
Pali mitundu yambiri yaNTC ThermarsPamsika lero, motero kusankha Thermastor yoyenera kuti ntchito yanu ikhale ntchito yovuta. Dziwani kuti majerristors alembedwa ndi mtengo wake mwadzina, womwe ndi kukana kwawo kwa mwadzina pa 25 ° C. Chifukwa chake, ma k ω 10 k romartor ali ndi kukana kwa mwadzina mwa 10 kω pa 25 ° C. Awormars ali ndi malingaliro a nomwenal kapena oyambira kuyambira pa ohms ochepa mpaka 10 mce. Otsatsa omwe ali ndi ma ratuction otsika (kukana kwa nomwenal kwa 10 kω kapena kuchepera) amathandizira kuchepetsa kuchepetsa ,50 ° C '0 ° C P kwa + 70 ° C. Mawowo okhala ndi mabowo ovutikira kwambiri amatha kupirira kutentha mpaka 300 ° C.
Chinthu cha thermistor chimapangidwa ndi zitsulo oxide. Awopi amapezeka mu mpira, zonunkhira komanso zofatsa. Mikanda ya Thermar imavala epoxy zokutira kapena galasi loyandikana kuti litetezedwe. Epoxy yolumikizidwa mpira thermissers, radial ndi owoneka bwino ndizoyenera kutentha mpaka 150 ° C. Magalasi Bead Thermars ndioyenera pakuyeza kutentha kwambiri. Mitundu yonse ya zokumba / kunyamula kutetezanso kuvunda. Awormaristars ena amakhalanso ndi maudindo ena owirikiza zowonjezera m'malo ovuta. Bead thermars ali ndi nthawi yoyankha mwachangu kuposa radial / smatrmars. Komabe, sikolokha. Chifukwa chake, mtundu wa thermistor womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito zimatengera ntchito yomaliza komanso chilengedwe chomwe thermartor ilipo. Kukhazikika kwa mtunda wautali kumadalira chifukwa chake, kunyamula, ndi kapangidwe kake. Mwachitsanzo, epoxy-yophika a thermar ya epoxy imatha kusintha 0,2 ° C pachaka, pomwe Wamarrtor wosindikizidwa amangosintha 0,82 ° C pachaka.
Mawonso amabwera molondola. Mafuta wamba nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kulondola kwa 0,5 ° C mpaka 1.5 ° C. Thermarr okana mtengo ndi beta mtengo wa 25 ° C mpaka 50 ° C) Khalani ndi kulolerana. Dziwani kuti mtengo wa beta wa thermari umasiyanasiyana ndi wopanga. Mwachitsanzo, 10 Kho ntyrmars ochokera kosiyanasiyana opanga azikhala ndi miyambo yosiyanasiyana ya beta. Kuti muchite zolondola zambiri, oyang'anira monga mtundu wa Omega ™ 44xxx angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Ali ndi kulondola kwa 0,1 ° C kapena 0,2 ° C kwa kutentha kwa 0 ° C mpaka 70 ° C. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa kutentha komwe kumatha kuyesedwa ndipo kulondola kwa kutentha komwe kumafunikira kuti kutentha kumawonetsera ngati ogulitsa ndi oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito izi. Chonde dziwani kuti kuchuluka kwa omega 44xxx, mtengo wake wapamwamba.
Kutembenuka ku Celsius, mtengo wa beta nthawi zambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mtengo wa beta umatsimikizika ndikudziwa masinthidwe awiriwo kutentha ndi kukana kogwirizana ndi malo otenthetsera chilichonse.
RT1 = Kulimba kutentha 1 RT2 = Kulimba kutentha 2 T1 = kutentha 1 (k) t2 = kutentha 2 (k)
Wogwiritsa ntchito amagwiritsa ntchito mtengo wa beta pafupi ndi kutentha komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito polojekiti. Ma datistor ambiri amalemba mtengo wa beta limodzi ndi kulolerana ndi 25 ° C ndi kulolera phindu la beta.
Kuwongolera kwambiri Awormaristraurs ndi njira zothetseratu zothekera monga mndandanda wa Omega 44xxx Gwiritsani ntchito stear-hart equation kuti atembenukire ku Celsius. Equation 2 imafuna mitundu itatu ya anthu atatu a, B, ndi C, kachiwiri wopanga sensor. Chifukwa ma couation ofanana amapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo zitatu kutentha, equation yomwe imayambitsa kutsutsana ndi zolondola (nthawi zambiri 0,02 ° C).
A, B ndi C amachokera ku makonzedwe atatu otentha. R = thermarror kukana mu ohms t = kutentha mu k madigiri
Pa mkuyu. 3 ikuwonetsa kukoka kwapa pano kwa sensor. Yendetsani zamakono zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa thermaristor ndipo zomwezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito polimba; Kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mawu owerengera. Mtengo wogwirizana ndi wogwiritsa ntchito uyenera kukhala wamkulu kuposa kapena wofanana ndi mtengo wapamwamba kwambiri wotsutsana (kutengera kutentha kotsika kwambiri kumayesedwa m'dongosolo).
Mukamasankha kukolola kwamakono, kukana kwakukulu kwa thermari kukuyenera kukumbukiridwanso. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti mphamvu yamagetsi kudutsa sensor ndipo zonena zake nthawi zonse zimakhala zovomerezeka ku magetsi. Gawo lomwe lili ndi gawo limafunikira kuti mulumikizane ndi chofananira. Ngati thermari imakhala ndi kukana kwakukulu pa kutentha kotsika kwambiri, izi zimapangitsa kuyendetsa pang'ono kwamakono. Chifukwa chake, voliyumu yomwe idapangidwa kudutsa thermari kutentha kwambiri ndikochepa. Mapulogalamu opindulitsa amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza muyeso wa zizindikiro zotsika izi. Komabe, phindu liyenera kupangidwa molimba mtima chifukwa kuchuluka kwa chizindikirocho kumasiyana kwambiri ndi kutentha.
Njira ina ndikukhazikitsa phindu koma gwiritsani ntchito drive drive zamakono. Chifukwa chake, monga kuchuluka kwa chizindikiro kuchokera kwa thermarror kumasintha, kuyendetsa bwino kwa mtengo wamakono kumasintha molimba mtima kuti magetsi ayambitse gawo lankhondo la Arrman. Wogwiritsa ntchitoyo ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti voliyumu idayambitsidwa kudutsa cholembedwacho palinso mulingo wovomerezeka pamagetsi. Zosankha zonsezi zimafunikira kuwongolera kwakukulu, kuyang'anira magetsi kudutsa thermartor kuti ma elekitiro amatha kuyeza chizindikiro. Kodi pali njira yosavuta yosavuta? Ganizirani za magetsi.
Magetsi a DC akagwiritsidwa ntchito pa thermastor, omwe akupezekapo kudzera mwa thermarist amangoyang'ana ma thermar omwe amasintha. Tsopano, pogwiritsa ntchito njira yoyeserera yolimba mmalo mwa katswiri wofotokoza, cholinga chake ndikuwerengera zomwe zikuyenda kudzera mu Thermaristor, motero kulola thermarror kuwerengedwa. Popeza voliyumu yamagalimoto imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chizindikiro cha ADC Refereal, palibe gawo lopeza. Prosopyyo alibe ntchito yoyang'anira mphamvu ya thermator, kudziwa ngati mulingo wamagetsi angayesedwe ndi zamagetsi zitha kuyeretsedwa ndi zamagetsi, ndikuwerengera zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisinthidwe. Iyi ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito munkhaniyi.
Ngati thermariyor ili ndi kuchuluka kochepa ndi kukana, magetsi kapena chinsinsi chapano chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Pankhaniyi, kuyendetsa galimoto ndi phindu kumatha kukonzedwa. Chifukwa chake, dera lidzawonekere monga momwe chithunzi 3. Njirayi ndiyotheka kuwongolera zomwe zachitika kudzera mwa sensor komanso zonena zotsutsana, zomwe ndizofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa. Kuphatikiza apo, kudzipatulira kwa thermaristor kumachepetsa.
Kuphatikizika kwa magetsi kumatha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kwa owonda ndi mabowo otsika. Komabe, wogwiritsa ntchitoyo ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti kudzera mwa sensor sakhala wokwera kwambiri kwa sensor kapena kugwiritsa ntchito.
Magetsi Funietrities Scaries Kukhazikika mukamagwiritsa ntchito thermastor ndi chiwerengero chachikulu chokana ndi kutentha kwakukulu. Kutsutsa kwakukuru kumapereka gawo lovomerezeka lapano. Komabe, opanga amafunika kuwonetsetsa kuti mulingo wovomerezeka pamtunda wonsewo umathandizidwa ndi pulogalamuyi.
Sigma-Delta Adcs amapereka zabwino zingapo popanga dongosolo la Arrtor. Choyamba, chifukwa cha SEGMA Amapereka kusinthasintha mu mtundu wazosefa ndi kutulutsa baud. Zosefera zamagetsi zopangidwa ndi digito zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kusokonekera kulikonse m'magulu a maakulu. Zipangizo zitatu monga AD7124-4 / AD7124-8 ali ndi malire mpaka 21.7, motero amapereka mwayi wambiri.
Kugwiritsa ntchito sigma-delta ADC kumasinthitsa kwambiri kapangidwe ka thermitor pochepetsa kutanthauzira, mtengo wamalonda, malo okwera.
Nkhaniyi imagwiritsa ntchito AD7124-4-4-4- AD7124-8 monga ADC chifukwa ndi phokoso lotsika, madc otsika, omwe amapangidwa, komanso ophatikizira.
Ngakhale mutakhala kuti mukugwiritsa ntchito magetsi aposachedwa kapena kuyendetsa volimation, kukhazikitsidwa kwa ratumetric tikulimbikitsidwa momwe magetsi amatchulira ndi gwero la senyu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kusintha kulikonse mu gwero lokondweretsa sikukhudza kulondola kwa muyeso.
Pa mkuyu. 5 Imawonetsa kuyendetsa nthawi zonse kwa thermarror ndi wogwiritsa ntchito rof, voliyumu yoyenda pa rof ndiye mavalidwe a matanthauzidwe omwe amayeza thermaristor.
Munda womwe umapezeka suyenera kukhala wolondola ndipo ungakhale wokhazikika pomwe zolakwika zilizonse zomwe zathetsa izi zidzathetsedwa. Nthawi zambiri, chinsinsi chaposachedwa chimakonda kusakhazikika kwa magetsi chifukwa cha kuwongolera kwakukulu komanso chitetezo chabwino kwambiri. Mtundu wamtunduwu wa boas umagwiritsidwa ntchito pa RTD kapena owonera okhala ndi zikhulupiriro zotsika. Komabe, kwa Waworrist yokhala ndi mtengo wapamwamba kwambiri komanso chidwi chachikulu, kuchuluka kwa zizindikiro zomwe zimapangidwa ndi kutentha kulikonse kumakhala kwakukulu, kotero magetsi kuphweka kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, ma k ω 10 pro thermaristor ali ndi kukana kwa 10 kω pa 25 ° C. At -50 ° C, kukana kwa NTC Thermaristor ndi 441.117 kω. Kuyendetsa kocheperako kwa 50 Awormars nthawi zambiri amalumikizidwa kapena omwe ali pafupi ndi ma elekitikiti amagetsi, motero chitetezo choyendetsa sichofunikira.
Kuonjezera mphamvu zotsutsana ndi mndandanda wa zigawo za magetsi kumachepetsa tsopano kwa thermaritor ku mtengo wake wotsutsana. Munthawi imeneyi, mtengo wa malingaliro a malingaliro a RSsti ayenera kukhala wofanana ndi mtengo wa thermartor kukhazikika kwa kutentha kwa 25 ° C agwiritsidwa ntchito, kuyenera kukhala 10 kce Pamene kutentha kumasintha, kukana kwa Therman wa NTC kumasinthanso, ndipo kuchuluka kwa magetsi pamagetsi kuwopa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu yotulutsa ya NTC ikhale yogawana.
Ngati magetsi osankhidwa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga thermaristor ndi / kapena rstest amafanana ndi voliyumu ya ADC
Dziwani kuti mwina mukugwiritsa ntchito (voliyumu yoyendetsedwa) kapena cholembera (chowongolera) ziyenera kukhala zolekerera koyambirira komanso zodumphadumpha, monga mitundu yonseyi imatha kukhudza kulondola kwa dongosolo lonse.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito a Thermars angapo, madzi amodzi ofunikira angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Komabe, mphuno aliyense ayenera kukhala ndi luso lolimbana ndi chipongwe, monga akuwonetsera mkuyu. 8. Njira ina ndikugwiritsa ntchito sikisi yakunja kapena kusinthana kotsika pamalopo, komwe kumalola kuchitira ena mgwirizano umodzi. Ndi masinthidwe awa, thermari iliyonse imafunikira nthawi yokhazikika ikayeza.
Mwachidule, popanga kutentha kwa kutentha, pali mafunso ambiri kuti aganizire: Sensor Kusankhidwa kwa Syring, Kusankhidwa kwa Malonda, ndi momwe mitundu zosiyanasiyana imakhudzira kulondola kwa dongosololi. Nkhani yotsatira mu nkhani zino
Post Nthawi: Sep-30-2022