Kodi NTC Temperature Sensor ndi chiyani?

Kodi NTC Temperature Sensor ndi chiyani?

Kuti timvetsetse ntchito ndi kugwiritsa ntchito sensa ya kutentha kwa NTC, choyamba tiyenera kudziwa kuti NTC thermistor ndi chiyani.
Momwe sensor yotentha ya NTC imagwirira ntchito molongosoka
Makondakitala otentha kapena ma conductor otentha ndi ma resistor amagetsi okhala ndi ma coefficients olakwika (NTC mwachidule). Ngati panopa ikuyenda mu zigawozi, kukana kwawo kumachepa ndi kutentha kowonjezereka. Ngati yozungulira kutentha akutsikira (mwachitsanzo mu kumiza manja manja), zigawo zikuluzikulu, Komano, amachita ndi kukana kuwonjezeka. Chifukwa cha khalidwe lapaderali, akatswiri amatchulanso chotsutsa cha NTC ngati NTC Thermistor.

Kukana kwa magetsi kumachepa pamene ma elekitironi akuyenda
Zotsutsa za NTC zimakhala ndi zida za semiconductor, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala pakati pa ma conductor amagetsi ndi magetsi osagwiritsa ntchito magetsi. Ngati zigawozo zikuwotcha, ma elekitironi amamasuka ku maatomu a lattice. Iwo amasiya malo awo mu kapangidwe ndi kunyamula magetsi bwino kwambiri. Zotsatira zake: Ndi kutentha kwakukulu, ma thermistors amayendetsa magetsi bwino kwambiri - kukana kwawo kwamagetsi kumachepa. Zigawozo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, mwa zina, monga zowunikira kutentha, koma chifukwa cha izi ziyenera kugwirizanitsidwa ndi gwero lamagetsi ndi ammeter.

Kupanga ndi katundu wa otentha ndi ozizira conductors
Chotsutsa cha NTC chimatha kuchita mofooka kwambiri kapena, m'madera ena, mwamphamvu kwambiri kusintha kwa kutentha kwapakati. Khalidwe lenileni limadalira makamaka kupanga zigawo. Mwanjira imeneyi, opanga amasintha chiŵerengero chosakanikirana cha oxides kapena doping ya oxides yachitsulo kuzinthu zomwe akufuna. Koma katundu wa zigawozo angathenso kukhudzidwa ndi njira yopangira yokha. Mwachitsanzo, kudzera mu mpweya wa okosijeni mumlengalenga wowotcha kapena kuzirala kwa zinthu.

Zida zosiyanasiyana za resistor NTC
Zida zoyera za semiconductor, ma semiconductors apawiri kapena ma aloyi azitsulo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonetsetsa kuti ma thermistors akuwonetsa mawonekedwe awo. Zotsirizirazi nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi oxides zitsulo (zopangidwa ndi zitsulo ndi mpweya) wa manganese, faifi tambala, cobalt, chitsulo, mkuwa kapena titaniyamu. Zidazo zimasakanizidwa ndi zomangiriza, zoponderezedwa ndi kusindikizidwa. Opanga amatenthetsa zopangirazo mopanikizika kwambiri kotero kuti zida zogwirira ntchito zomwe zimafunikira zimapangidwa.

Makhalidwe a chotenthetsera pang'onopang'ono
NTC resistor imapezeka m'mitundu yochokera ku ohm imodzi mpaka 100 megohms. Zigawozi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuchokera pa 60 mpaka 200 digiri Celsius ndikukwaniritsa kulolerana kwa 0,1 mpaka 20 peresenti. Pankhani yosankha thermistor, magawo osiyanasiyana ayenera kuganiziridwa. Chimodzi mwa zofunika kwambiri ndi kukana mwadzina. Imawonetsa kukana kwa kutentha komwe kumapatsidwa (nthawi zambiri madigiri 25 Celsius) ndipo imakhala ndi likulu R ndi kutentha. Mwachitsanzo, R25 kwa mtengo kukana pa 25 digiri Celsius. Khalidwe lenileni pa kutentha kosiyana ndilofunikanso. Izi zitha kufotokozedwa ndi matebulo, mafomu kapena zithunzi ndipo ziyenera kufanana ndi zomwe mukufuna. Makhalidwe enanso a NTC resistors amakhudzana ndi kulolerana komanso kutentha kwina ndi malire amagetsi.

Magawo osiyanasiyana ogwiritsira ntchito chotsutsa cha NTC
Monga chopinga cha PTC, chopinga cha NTC ndichoyeneranso kuyeza kutentha. Mtengo wotsutsa umasintha malinga ndi kutentha kozungulira. Kuti musanyenge zotsatira, kudziwotcha kuyenera kukhala kochepa momwe mungathere. Komabe, kudziwotchera panthawi yomwe ikuyenda kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchepetsa mphamvu ya inrush panopa. Chifukwa NTC resistor ndi ozizira pambuyo kusintha pa zipangizo zamagetsi, kotero kuti panopa pang'ono umayenda poyamba. Patapita nthawi yogwira ntchito, thermistor imawotcha, kukana kwa magetsi kumatsika ndikuyenda kwamakono. Zida zamagetsi zimakwaniritsa ntchito yawo yonse motere ndikuchedwa kwa nthawi.

NTC resistor imayendetsa magetsi movutikira kwambiri pamatenthedwe otsika. Ngati kutentha kozungulira kumawonjezeka, kukana kwa otchedwa okonda kutentha kumachepa kwambiri. Khalidwe lapadera la zinthu za semiconductor zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pakuyezera kutentha, pakuchepetsa kwaposachedwa kapena kuchedwetsa ma contr osiyanasiyana.