M'zaka zaposachedwa, sensor ndi ukadaulo wake zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakina ochapira.Sensa imazindikira zambiri zamakina ochapira mongakutentha kwa madzi, mtundu wa nsalu, kuchuluka kwa nsalu, ndi digiri yoyeretsera, ndikutumiza izi kwa microcontroller.Microcontroller imagwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yowongolera kuti iwunike zomwe zapezeka.Kuti mudziwe nthawi yabwino yotsuka, kuthamanga kwa madzi, makina ochapira, nthawi yowonongeka ndi madzi, njira yonse yotsuka makina ochapira imayendetsedwa yokha.
Nawa masensa akuluakulu mumakina ochapira okha.
Nsalu kuchuluka kwa sensor
Chovala chonyamula nsalu, chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti chovala chonyamula zovala, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira kuchuluka kwa zovala pochapa.Malinga ndi mfundo yozindikira sensor imatha kugawidwa m'mitundu itatu:
1. Malinga ndi kusintha kwa galimoto katundu panopa kudziwa kulemera kwa zovala.Mfundo yodziwikiratu ndi yakuti pamene katunduyo ali wamkulu, mphamvu ya injini imakhala yaikulu;Pamene katundu ali wamng'ono, mphamvu yamagetsi imakhala yaying'ono.Kupyolera mu kutsimikiza kwa kusintha kwa injini yamakono, kulemera kwa zovala kumayesedwa molingana ndi kufunikira kwa nthawi inayake.
2. Malinga ndi lamulo la kusintha kwa mphamvu ya electromotive yomwe imapangidwa kumapeto kwa mphepo pamene galimoto imayimitsidwa, imapezeka.Mfundo yodziwikiratu ndi yakuti madzi ena akalowetsedwa mumtsuko wochapira, zovalazo zimayikidwa mumtsuko, ndiye kuti galimoto yoyendetsa galimoto imagwira ntchito mwapang'onopang'ono kwa mphindi imodzi, pogwiritsa ntchito induction electromotive force. mapindikidwe a injini, ndi kudzipatula kwa photoelectric ndi kuyerekeza ndi mtundu wofunikira, chizindikiro cha pulse chimapangidwa, ndipo kuchuluka kwa ma pulse kumayenderana ndi Angle ya inertia ya injini.Ngati pali zovala zambiri, kukana kwa galimotoyo kuli kwakukulu, Angle of inertia ya galimotoyo ndi yaying'ono, ndipo motero, kugunda komwe kumapangidwa ndi sensa kumakhala kochepa, kotero kuti kuchuluka kwa zovala "kuyesedwa" molakwika.
3. Malingana ndi pulse drive motor "turn", "imani" pamene inertia speed pulse number muyeso wa zovala.Ikani kuchuluka kwa zovala ndi madzi mumtsuko wotsuka, ndiyeno kugunda kuti muyendetse galimotoyo, malinga ndi "pa" 0.3s, lamulo la "stop" 0.7s, mobwerezabwereza ntchito mkati mwa 32s, panthawi ya injini mu "stop" pamene inertia liwiro, anayeza ndi coupler mu kugunda njira.Kuchuluka kwa zovala zotsuka ndi zazikulu, chiwerengero cha pulses ndi chochepa, ndipo chiwerengero cha pulses ndi chachikulu.
ClotiSensor
Sensa ya nsalu imatchedwanso sensor yoyesera nsalu, yomwe imapangidwa kuti izindikire mawonekedwe a zovala.Ntchito Zovala katundu masensa ndi madzi mlingo transducers angagwiritsidwenso ntchito ngati masensa nsalu.Malingana ndi kuchuluka kwa ulusi wa thonje ndi mankhwala opangidwa mu zovala za zovala, nsalu ya zovala imagawidwa kukhala "thonje yofewa", "thonje yolimba", "thonje ndi mankhwala fiber" ndi "chemical fiber" mafayilo anayi.
Sensa yapamwamba ndi sensa ya kuchuluka kwenikweni ndi chipangizo chomwecho, koma njira zodziwira ndizosiyana.Pamene mlingo wa madzi mu chidebe chotsuka ndi wotsika kuposa mlingo wa madzi omwe aikidwa, ndiyeno molingana ndi njira yoyezera kuchuluka kwa zovala, lolani galimotoyo igwire ntchito kwa nthawi yochepetsera mphamvu, ndikuwona kuchuluka kwa ma pulse opangidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa sensor ya zovala panthawi iliyonse yamagetsi.Pochotsa chiwerengero cha ma pulse kuchokera ku chiwerengero cha ma pulse omwe amapezeka poyeza kuchuluka kwa zovala, kusiyana pakati pa ziwirizi kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti mudziwe mtundu wa zovala.Ngati gawo la ulusi wa thonje mu zovala ndi lalikulu, kusiyana kwa chiwerengero cha pulse kumakhala kwakukulu ndipo kusiyana kwa chiwerengero cha pulse kumakhala kochepa.
WAter level sensor
Sensa yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi yomwe imayendetsedwa ndi chip microcomputer imodzi imatha kuwongolera kuchuluka kwamadzi mokhazikika komanso molondola.Mulingo wamadzi mumtsuko wochapira ndi wosiyana, ndipo kukakamiza pansi ndi khoma la ndowa kumakhala kosiyana.Kupanikizika kumeneku kumasinthidwa kukhala mapindikidwe a mphira diaphragm, kotero kuti maginito okhazikika pa diaphragm amachotsedwa, ndiyeno inductance ya inductor imasinthidwa, ndipo mafupipafupi a oscillation a LC oscillation circuit amasinthidwanso.Kwa milingo yosiyanasiyana yamadzi, LC oscillation circuit imakhala ndi ma frequency pulse sign linanena bungwe, chizindikiro ndi kulowetsa kwa microcontroller mawonekedwe, pamene madzi mlingo sensa linanena bungwe pulse siginecha ndi ma frequency osankhidwa kusungidwa mu microcontroller nthawi yomweyo, ndi microcontroller akhoza. kudziwa kuti mulingo wamadzi wofunikira wafika, siyani jekeseni wamadzi.
Yoyenera zochapira kutentha ndi yabwino kutsegula madontho, akhoza kusintha kutsuka kwenikweni.Sensa ya kutentha kwa madzi imayikidwa m'munsi mwa chidebe chotsuka, ndiNTC Thermistorimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chinthu chodziwikiratu.Kutentha komwe kumayezedwa poyatsa makina ochapira ndi kutentha komwe kumakhalapo, ndipo kutentha kumapeto kwa jekeseni wamadzi ndiko kutentha kwamadzi.Chizindikiro cha kutentha chimalowetsedwa ku MCU kuti ipereke chidziwitso chosavuta.
Photosensor
Kachipangizo ka photosensitive ndiye sensor yaukhondo.Zimapangidwa ndi ma diode otulutsa kuwala ndi ma phototransistors.Diode yotulutsa kuwala ndi phototransistor imayikidwa moyang'anizana ndi maso pamwamba pa kukhetsa, ntchito yake ndikuzindikira kufalikira kwa kukhetsa, ndiyeno zotsatira zake zimakonzedwa ndi microcomputer.Dziwani kutsuka, ngalande, kutsuka ndi kutaya madzi m'thupi.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-16-2023